EFEKTIVITAS PEMBERIAN OBAT HERBAL BAWANG PUTIH TERHADAP PENDERITA HIPERTENSI

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Berbagai macam tantangan yang dihadapi dunia terkait dengan permasalahan Kesehatan, salah satunya penyakit hipertensi, berupa peningkatan darah sistolik sekitar 140 mmHg atau tekanan diastolik 90 mmHg. Penelitian Christina Rahayuningrum, dkk (2020) bahwa penderita hipertensi didunia 46% tinggal di wilayah yang tingkat pendapatan masyarakat rendah sampai pendapatan masyarakat menengah. WHO (2023) Indonesia termasuk negara berpendapatan menengah kebawah (lower middle income). Artinya warga negara Indonesia termasuk dalam 46% penderita hipertensi. Riskesdas dalam Mutaqqin dkk, (2020) Di Indonesia prevalensi hipertensi 36,8% sebagian besar kasus hipertensi dimasyarakat tidak terdiagnosis 63,2%. Data Kemenkes  RI (2018) prevalensi hipertensi pada penduduk usia 18 tahun sebesar 34,1%. Penelitian Iswahyudi Yasril, dkk, 2020 Prevalensi hipertensi 34,1%, sebesar 8,8% terdiagnosis hipertensi dan 13,3% orang terdiagnosis hipertensi tidak minum obat, terdapat 32,3% tidak rutin minum obat. Ini menunjukkan sebagian besar penderita hipertensi tidak mengetahui dirinya hipertensi sehingga tidak mendapatkan pengobatan. Pengobatan hipertensi non farmakologis lebih aman dikarenakan efek samping ditimbulkan hanya sedikit bahkan tidak menimbulkan efek samping. Bawang putih sebagai salah satu ramuan herbal mempunyai efek antihipertensi karena terdapat kandungan zat alisin dan hydrogen sulfide. Senyawa alisin bawang putih dapat menghancurkan pembekuan darah dalam arteri, mengurangi tekanan darah. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Literature Review dengan desain Narrative Review, bertujuan mengidentifikasi dan merangkum artikel yang telah diterbitkan sebelumnya mengenai efektivitas pemberian obat herbal bawang putih terhadap penderita hipertensi. Hasil penelitian beberapa literature didapatkan terdapat efek pemberian obat herbal bawang putih terhadap penderita hipertensi. Kesimpulan bahwa pemberian air seduhan bawang putih mampu menurunkan tekanan darah pada pasien hipertensi.

The various challenges faced by the world are related to health problems, one of which is hypertension, in the form of an increase in systolic blood pressure of around 140 mmHg or diastolic pressure of 90 mmHg. Research by Christina Rahayuningrum, et al (2020) shows that 46% of hypertension sufferers in the world live in areas with low to middle income levels. WHO (2023) Indonesia is a lower middle income country. This means that Indonesian citizens are among the 46% of hypertension sufferers. Riskesdas in Mutaqqin et al, (2020) In Indonesia, the prevalence of hypertension is 36.8%, the majority of hypertension cases in the community are undiagnosed, 63.2%. Data from the Indonesian Ministry of Health (2018) shows that the prevalence of hypertension in the population aged 18 years is 34.1%. Research by Iswahyudi Yasril, et al, 2020. The prevalence of hypertension is 34.1%, 8.8% are diagnosed with hypertension and 13.3% of people diagnosed with hypertension do not take medication, there are 32.3% who do not regularly take medication. This shows that most people with hypertension do not know they have hypertension so they do not receive treatment. Non-pharmacological treatment of hypertension is safer because it causes few or no side effects. Garlic as a herbal ingredient has an antihypertensive effect because it contains allicin and hydrogen sulfide. Garlic's allicin compound can destroy blood clots in the arteries, reducing blood pressure. This research uses the Literature Review method with a Narrative Review design, aimed at identifying and summarizing previously published articles regarding the effectiveness of administering garlic herbal medicine to hypertension sufferers. The results of several studies in the literature showed that there was an effect of giving garlic herbal medicine on hypertension sufferers. The conclusion is that giving steeped garlic water can reduce blood pressure in hypertensive patients.