EVOLUSI KONSEP UANG DAN SISTEM MONETER DALAM PEMIKIRAN EKONOMI ISLAM: DARI RASULULLAH SAW HINGGA ERA MODERN

Abstrak

Konsep uang dan sistem moneter dalam pemikiran ekonomi Islam menunjukkan kesinambungan nilai keadilan dan keseimbangan sejak masa Rasulullah SAW hingga era modern. Uang dipandang bukan sekadar alat tukar, melainkan instrumen moral yang menjaga kestabilan ekonomi dan mencegah eksploitasi. Sistem dinar dan dirham pada masa awal Islam menjadi dasar stabilitas nilai, sedangkan era modern menghadirkan tantangan baru seperti bunga dan digitalisasi. Berdasarkan kajian literatur klasik dan kontemporer, sistem moneter Islam berlandaskan tiga prinsip utama: stabilitas nilai uang, pelarangan riba dan spekulasi, serta penguatan nilai spiritual dalam kebijakan keuangan. Nilai-nilai ini tetap relevan dalam menghadapi perubahan global, menjadikan sistem moneter Islam sebagai paradigma alternatif yang berkeadilan dan berkelanjutan.

The concept of money and the monetary system in Islamic economic thought reflects a continuous adherence to justice and balance from the era of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) to the modern age. Money is viewed not merely as a medium of exchange but as a moral instrument that ensures economic stability and prevents exploitation. The dinar and dirham system during the early Islamic period laid the foundation for value stability, while the modern era presents new challenges such as interest-based systems and digitalization. Based on classical and contemporary literature, the Islamic monetary system rests on three core principles: value stability, prohibition of usury and speculation, and the integration of spiritual values in monetary policy. These principles remain relevant amid global transformations, positioning the Islamic monetary framework as a just and sustainable economic paradigm.